Biography
Overview
Ibn Battuta (1304-1369) was a Moroccan jurist and the pre-modern world's most prolific traveler, covering 120,000 kilometers over nearly thirty years. What began as a 1325 pilgrimage to Mecca transformed into an odyssey across Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and China. Throughout his travels, he served as a judge (*qadi*), diplomat, and advisor to sultans, notably in the Delhi Sultanate.
His observations, recorded in the *Rihla*, provide a detailed view of 14th-century Islamic civilization. Ibn Battuta documented local customs, legal practices, and economic systems with scholarly precision, consistently distinguishing eyewitness testimony from hearsay. From witnessing the Black Death to meeting world-conquerors, his journey remains a testament to human curiosity and the enduring networks of medieval global connectivity. He stands as a unique witness to the interconnectedness of the medieval world.
Ibn Battuta’s world, year by year
13041369
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Dated facts
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- 1304Ibn Battuta was born in Tangier on 24 February 1304, during the Marinid dynasty, into a family of Islamic jurists (qadis).
- 1325On 14 June 1325, aged 21, he left Tangier on pilgrimage to Mecca and did not return to Morocco for 24 years.
- 1341In 1341 he was given charge of the sultan's embassy to Yuan China; on the way he served as chief qadi in the Maldives.
- 1348In 1348 he reached Damascus as the Black Death spread through Syria, Palestine and Arabia.
- 1352In 1352 he crossed the Sahara with a caravan to the Mali Empire, where he met Mansa Suleyman.
- 1354After returning in 1354, he dictated his travels, the Rihla, to Ibn Juzayy at the suggestion of the Marinid ruler Abu Inan Faris.
- 1368He was later appointed a judge in Morocco and died in 1368 or 1369.
Alive at the same time
Overlap Same years; not influence
Wars during this life
- Red Turban Rebellion
- Jacquerie
- Wars of Scottish Independence
- Great Troubles of the Golden Horde
- Mongol Conquests
- Mali Empire Conquests
Sources
Primary works and follow-on reading.
Primary Sources
- The Rihla (Travels) - dictated to Ibn Juzayy
- Reference profile for Ibn Battuta
Further Reading
- The Travels of Ibn Battuta, A.D. 1325-1354 - tr. H. A. R. Gibb
- The Travels of Ibn Battutah - Tim Mackintosh-Smith
FAQ
Frequently asked questions about Ibn Battuta.
Who was Ibn Battuta?
Ibn Battuta (1304-1369) was a Moroccan jurist and the pre-modern world's most prolific traveler, covering 120,000 kilometers over nearly thirty years. What began as a 1325 pilgrimage to Mecca transformed into an odyssey across Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and China. Throughout his travels, he served as a judge (*qadi*), diplomat, and advisor to sultans, notably in the Delhi Sultanate. His observations, recorded in the *Rihla*, provide a detailed view of 14th-century Islamic civilization. Ibn Battuta documented local customs, legal practices, and economic systems with scholarly precision, consistently distinguishing eyewitness testimony from hearsay. From witnessing the Black Death to meeting world-conquerors, his journey remains a testament to human curiosity and the enduring networks of medieval global connectivity. He stands as a unique witness to the interconnectedness of the medieval world.
What was Ibn Battuta best known for?
Ibn Battuta is best known as a explorer. Moroccan jurist-explorer whose Rihla chronicles ~120,000 km of travel across Africa, the Middle East, Central and South Asia, and China.
When did Ibn Battuta live?
Ibn Battuta lived 1304-1369 CE, born in 1304 and died in 1369, during the medieval period.
Can I chat with an AI version of Ibn Battuta?
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“Ibn Battuta.” HistorIQly. https://historiqly.com/ai-historical-figures/ibn-battuta/
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