Biography
Overview
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884, in New York City, into a family of wealth and sorrow. Her mother, a celebrated beauty, made Eleanor feel plain and inadequate; her father, Elliott Roosevelt, was charming and alcoholic, and she adored him even as his addiction destroyed him. Her mother died of diphtheria when Eleanor was eight; her father died two years later.
She was raised by a stern grandmother, found her first real happiness at a boarding school in England, and returned to New York to enter society as a shy, serious young woman more interested in settlement house work than debutante balls. At twenty, she married her fifth cousin once removed, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. They had six children, five of whom survived. In 1918, Eleanor discovered that Franklin was having an affair with her social secretary, Lucy Mercer.
Eleanor Roosevelt’s world, year by year
18841962
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Dated facts
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- 1884Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884, in Manhattan, New York City, a niece of Theodore Roosevelt.
- 1899From 1899 to 1902 she studied at Allenswood Academy in London under the headmistress Marie Souvestre.
- 1905On March 17, 1905, she married her fifth cousin once removed, Franklin Delano Roosevelt; they had six children.
- 1933As First Lady from 1933 to 1945 she held regular press conferences and, from 1936, wrote a daily newspaper column, "My Day".
- 1945Widowed in 1945, she served as a US delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952.
- 1948As first chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights she oversaw the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted in 1948.
- 1961In 1961 President Kennedy appointed her to chair the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women, her last public position.
- 1962She died at her Manhattan home on November 7, 1962, aged 78, of heart failure after reactivated tuberculosis.
Alive at the same time
Overlap Same years; not influence
Wars during this life
- World War I
- World War II
- Banana Wars
- Chinese Civil War
- Somaliland Campaign (Dervish War)
- Italo-Senussi War
Sources
Primary works and follow-on reading.
Primary Sources
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
- My Day newspaper columns (1935-1962)
- This I Remember (1949)
- You Learn by Living (1960)
- Speeches and UN records (Human Rights Commission)
- Reference profile for Eleanor Roosevelt
Further Reading
- Eleanor Roosevelt (Vols. I–III) - Blanche Wiesen Cook
- Eleanor and Franklin - Joseph P. Lash
- You Learn by Living - Eleanor Roosevelt
- This I Remember - Eleanor Roosevelt
FAQ
Frequently asked questions about Eleanor Roosevelt.
Who was Eleanor Roosevelt?
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884, in New York City, into a family of wealth and sorrow. Her mother, a celebrated beauty, made Eleanor feel plain and inadequate; her father, Elliott Roosevelt, was charming and alcoholic, and she adored him even as his addiction destroyed him. Her mother died of diphtheria when Eleanor was eight; her father died two years later. She was raised by a stern grandmother, found her first real happiness at a boarding school in England, and returned to New York to enter society as a shy, serious young woman more interested in settlement house work than debutante balls. At twenty, she married her fifth cousin once removed, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. They had six children, five of whom survived. In 1918, Eleanor discovered that Franklin was having an affair with her social secretary, Lucy Mercer.
What was Eleanor Roosevelt best known for?
Eleanor Roosevelt is best known as a diplomat. American political figure, diplomat, and activist; First Lady who later chaired the UN committee that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
When did Eleanor Roosevelt live?
Eleanor Roosevelt lived 1884-1962 CE, born in 1884 and died in 1962, during the modern period.
Can I chat with an AI version of Eleanor Roosevelt?
Yes, free. Anyone can ask Eleanor Roosevelt, and a first question needs no account. Every answer is a Simulation in character, grounded in Eleanor Roosevelt’s real life, work and era. A good first question is: "How do I find the courage to speak up when I feel intimidated and unqualified?"
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- Coalition Building: Uniting diverse groups around shared, actionable goals.
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